Pafuri: Discovery of the Wild and Picturesque Northern Part of Kruger National Park

In the deep Zambezi Valley, within the remote Ntumbwe Reserve, an amazing prehistoric secret is hidden beneath the sands of the riverbed. It is here, in Ntumbwe, that huge three-toed tracks preserved in sandstone provide insight into the world that existed about 140 million years ago.

Following its opening to non-hunting tourism in June 2026, travelers have gained a new opportunity to explore this little-known wilderness, discover ancient trails, and experience one of Zimbabwe's most remote nature conservation landscapes.

Located in northern Zimbabwe, the Ntumbwe Reserve is situated in the Chwar South region of the Zambezi Valley, near the famous Mana Pools National Park. This area is part of the UNESCO World Heritage site Mana Pools, Sapi and Chwar and is known for its biodiversity, crisscrossing river systems, and vast wildlife.

However, besides elephants, predators, and birds, Ntumbwe has another reason for fame: an impressive collection of dinosaur fossil tracks. These tracks are preserved along sections of the Ntumbwe River, where exposed sandstone displays imprints left by prehistoric animals millions of years ago. Some of them are clearly discernible, featuring three forward-pointing toes and visible claw marks.

For visitors, this experience differs from viewing dinosaur fossils in a museum. These are tracks left directly in the landscape, allowing tourists to stand next to the imprints and follow the paths of animals that once moved through this ancient environment.

The first scientific attention to this area was drawn in 1984 when geologist Tim Broderick and his wife Trish began documenting these tracks. Further excavations in 1990 uncovered additional tracks under the riverbed, revealing a much longer trail than initially assumed. Today, the Ntumbwe trails are considered one of the outstanding sites with dinosaur footprints in Southern Africa.

The most striking prints belong to large bipedal dinosaurs, some reaching approximately 40–43 cm from heel to toe tip. Their three-toed shape is particularly recognizable and offers clues about the animals that left them. Scientists believe that some of the larger tracks were left by theropods—a group of predominantly carnivorous dinosaurs that walked on two legs. The tracks are linked to dinosaurs of the Allosaurid family, although the imprints themselves cannot determine the exact species responsible.

One of the most significant discoveries was made during the 1990 excavations when researchers found additional prints under the riverbed. The initial trail, which showed 14 prints, was ultimately documented as being about 48 meters long, with 45 registered prints. However, the site holds more than just massive tracks. Researchers also identified clusters of much smaller tracks, some only a few centimeters in diameter. This led to speculation about whether certain areas might have served as nursery grounds for young dinosaurs.

Collectively, these findings indicate that the Ntumbwe River landscape once supported diverse prehistoric animals. Fossil tracks are known as trace fossils. Unlike bones, which provide evidence of an animal's physical structure, trace fossils preserve evidence of how the animal moved and behaved. By studying the distance between individual prints, their depth, shape, and placement, paleontologists can estimate the animal's size, direction of movement, and walking speed. A sequence of prints, for example, can show whether the animal was walking or moving faster. Multiple trails can also give insight into how different animals moved in the same environment.

In Ntumbwe, these prints represent an extraordinary record of prehistoric activity. They also help researchers understand the ancient environments in which dinosaurs lived, including the conditions that allowed their tracks to be preserved. The sandy surfaces along the river serve as a natural window into this distant past, making the site particularly interesting for visitors who value geology, paleontology, and natural history.

Visitors should remember that these are protected scientific sites. Fossils and tracks should be observed without disturbing them, and any finds should be reported to the relevant authorities, not collected. For decades, this area was known as Chwar South safari zone and functioned as a trophy hunting concession. In June 2026, it entered a new chapter, opening up to non-hunting tourism.

This transition is managed by a long-term partnership between the Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority (ZimParks) and the Chwar Conservation Fund, which operates under a 25-year conservation mandate. The goal is to create a tourism model that supports landscape protection while creating opportunities for local communities. Tourism revenue is directed towards conservation efforts, helping to fund the management and long-term protection of this vital ecosystem.

The change also introduces travelers to a direction that remained relatively unknown compared to Zimbabwe's more famous safari areas. Instead of focusing solely on traditional wildlife viewing, Ntumbwe offers a combination of wildlife exploration, walking safaris, birdwatching, and prehistoric discoveries.

While the dinosaur trails are the main attraction, the vast Ntumbwe landscape has much more to offer. The area supports elephants, lions, leopards, African wild dogs, buffalo, and several antelope species, including the sable and the increasingly rare roan antelope. Wildlife viewing is part of the experience, though visitors should understand that this is a remote wilderness, not a traditional high-density safari spot. Animals can be elusive, and exploring the landscape often requires patience.

Walking safaris offer the chance to experience the bush at a slower pace, with experienced guides helping visitors identify animal tracks, plants, birds, and other details easily missed from a vehicle. The wilderness is also home to approximately 400 recorded bird species, making it an attractive destination for bird lovers. Notable species include the African Pitta, Pelsa's Owl, Narina Trogon, and Crested Turkey.

For those wishing to explore independently, self-drive safaris are available, with an extensive network of intersecting forest roads providing access to various parts of the reserve. Visitors can choose between camping and a more comfortable lodge experience at Chenje Camp. The recently renovated camp reopened in June 2026, transforming a former hunting base into an intimate tented retreat along the Chenje River. The camp features six ensuite luxury tents, flexible bed configurations, and offers both all-inclusive safari packages and accommodation-only options for independent visitors. Its unspoiled location allows wildlife to move freely across the surrounding landscape, and walking trails provide opportunities to explore the riverine environment.

Chenje Camp is also conveniently located for visitors interested in the dinosaur trails, which are about a 40-minute drive away. Those preferring a more independent experience can utilize Kanga Camp, which offers another way to experience the remote area.

Getting to Ntumbwe requires some planning, as it is a remote area with rugged terrain and limited infrastructure. The reserve can be accessed through designated entrances, including Mkanga Gate and the Chwar Bridge. Chenje Camp is about a 25-minute drive from the Mkanga Park gate when traveling from Harare, and the journey from Mana Pools takes about three hours from the west. Visitors should book accommodation and activities in advance, especially if planning to join organized walks or multi-day wildlife tours. Independent visitors must be prepared for rough forest roads and ensure their vehicles are suitable for these conditions. It is also advisable to contact the conservation fund before traveling to inquire about current road conditions, access requirements, and event availability.

For bookings and further information, visitors can contact the Chwar Conservation Fund via the official Ntumbwe Wilderness website. Ntumbwe offers something entirely different from traditional safaris in Zimbabwe. Here, the wildlife tells two stories simultaneously: one about the wild animals that continue to inhabit the Zambezi Valley, and another about the prehistoric animals that once roamed its ancient landscapes. The opportunity to stand next to dinosaur tracks preserved for millions of years is reason enough to visit. But thanks to the shift to conservation-managed tourism, walking safaris, and remarkable biodiversity, Ntumbwe also presents an opportunity to discover a lesser-known corner of Zimbabwe, contributing to the protection of one of its important wildlife areas.

Some of the most interesting wildlife species in Lowveld can be found away from standard game viewing routes. The African Finchfoot (Podica senegalensis) inhabits the shaded banks of the Sabie River, under dense vegetation and overhanging trees.

This unusual, shy, and rarely seen waterbird spends most of its time near cover, making it a valuable find for ornithology enthusiasts. Good places to start searching are the areas around Skukuza and Lower Sabie in Kruger National Park.

Roughly the size of a cormorant-reed, the African Finchfoot is distinguished by its characteristic coral-red bill, olive-orange legs, and unusually large, webbed feet. Males have a darker plumage, while females possess browner feathers and more noticeable facial markings.

The bird is usually found alone or in pairs along clean, permanent rivers with dense vegetation. Instead of swimming in open water, it stays close to the bank, foraging for aquatic insects, crustaceans, small fish, and amphibians. Its preference for secluded stretches of water often leads to it going unnoticed, even when the habitat is suitable.

The H4-1 route between Skukuza and Lower Sabie is a good starting point. The road follows the Sabie River, offering several spots for stopping and observing across the water. A particularly noteworthy location is the high bridge east of the confluence of the Sabie and Sand rivers. Birding guides in Kruger point to this spot as one of the best places to search for the African Finchfoot.

Another spot worth visiting is the Nkulu picnic area. Located near the Sabie River, it offers views of the water and surrounding riparian vegetation. For a quieter trip, one can take the Salitjie road (S30), which runs along the northern banks of the river. Its secluded water bodies are noted as places where the shy African Finchfoot can occasionally be seen.

The key to success is searching along the shaded edges of the water, especially where branches hang low over the river. Attention should be paid to movement near the bank, rather than expecting the bird to appear in open space.

The African Finchfoot depends on healthy waterways and natural vegetation along the riverbanks. Destruction of this vegetation, excessive water abstraction, siltation, and pollution threaten the environment necessary for the bird's survival.

Its conservation status also adds another layer of meaning to the search. The 2025 BirdLife South Africa Red Data Book classifies the species as vulnerable in South Africa, Lesotho, and Eswatini, with fewer than 1000 adult individuals estimated across the region. However, its global status remains the least alarming.

Regional assessments also record a decline in the frequency of sightings and counts of waterfowl, emphasizing the importance of protecting remaining suitable river habitats. For a bird so closely tied to its environment, conserving the river is as important as conserving the species itself.

Skukuza and Lower Sabie serve as convenient bases for exploring the Sabie River. By including the H4-1 and S30 routes in the trip and allocating time for stops at riverside viewpoints, chances of success can be increased. Using binoculars will facilitate scanning the banks, and a camera with a zoom lens will be useful for photographing the birds without disturbing them. Recent sighting reports and advice from local guides can also help pinpoint locations of recent encounters.

The appearance of the finchfoot is not guaranteed even in its preferred habitat. It is necessary to remain at designated viewpoints and avoid approaching or disturbing the shoreline for a better photograph. One can drive along the Sabie River several times without seeing the African Finchfoot. However, searching for this species offers a different perspective on Kruger National Park, shifting focus from large animals to the quiet life along its waterways.

South Africa is famous for its picturesque landscapes, but among its most intriguing destinations are places with a darker atmosphere. These locations possess captivating histories, local legends, and an undeniable sense of mystery. Whether you are interested in ghost stories or simply appreciate places that seem frozen in time, these six spots offer a different kind of adventure in South Africa.

Deep in the forests near Knysna lie the remains of the Millwood gold mines, which serve as a reminder of the gold rush that promised wealth but delivered relatively little. It is reported that the first gold nugget was found in this area in 1876, and the gold mine was officially declared in 1887. Prospectors and business owners soon arrived here, hoping to strike it rich in the forest.

However, their enthusiasm quickly faded. By 1888, gold mining proved disappointing, and many miners left the settlement in search of more promising opportunities elsewhere. The forest gradually swallowed most of the landscape, leaving behind traces of an industry that briefly changed this quiet corner of the Garden Route. Nearby Godveld Forest offers opportunities for walks and picnics, as well as a glimpse into the past of the mining industry. Jubilee Creek, located nearby, is a worthwhile stop for travelers exploring the region; the atmosphere there is surprisingly eerie, especially when fog settles between the trees, allowing one to imagine the sounds of a bustling mining camp fading into the woods.

Ladysburg, once a bustling gold rush settlement, now serves as a reminder of how quickly fortunes can vanish. The discovery of gold in the Merchantson Range in the late 1880s attracted prospectors hoping to get rich. At its peak, the settlement boasted thousands of residents, businesses, and the typical cast of frontier town characters. However, its success was short-lived. Difficult living conditions, diseases, and the allure of richer gold deposits elsewhere contributed to its decline. As miners departed, buildings fell into disrepair, and the bushveld gradually consumed the settlement. Ladysburg's history has also spawned colorful tales of its former inhabitants and the harsh reality of life during the gold rush, lending the place a somber atmosphere, although local legends should be distinguished from documented historical events. Located near Gravelotte, Ladysburg presents an intriguing detour for travelers exploring the Limpopo historical gold fields. Before visiting, check local access and remain in safe, accessible areas.

High in the Mahonjwa Mountains near Barberton, the ruins of Eureka town recall one of the most vibrant chapters in South Africa's gold rush history. The settlement arose in 1885 after gold was discovered around the Sheba and Fairview mines, attracting fortune seekers. By 1886, Eureka had transformed into a bustling mining camp with three hotels, shops, a bakery, a pharmacy, a racetrack, a music hall, and numerous bars. Around 700 prospectors lived in the area, creating a community as known for its lively atmosphere as for the promise of wealth. However, the boom did not last long. As miners moved to new discoveries in the Witwatersrand, businesses closed, and the settlement emptied out. Today, the ruins of the old Victorian hotel and the neighboring Sheba school are some of the surviving reminders of the town's brief existence. The abandoned buildings and mountainous landscape create a striking contrast with the vibrant settlement that once occupied the area. Eureka is a fascinating place for travelers interested in mining heritage, but it is not a place for aimless wandering. Access must be arranged in advance through local tour or hotel companies in Barberton, permit requirements checked, and a guided tour considered. The surrounding landscape is magnificent, but the ruins themselves are a fragile reminder of a vanished community.

The Owl House is not a ghost town, but it may be one of the strangest and most mesmerizing places in the Karoo. Artist Helen Martins transformed her home and garden between 1945 and 1976, using cement, glass, mirrors, and other everyday materials to create a deeply personal artistic world. Crows, camels, pilgrims, and other unusual figures populate the garden, their faces and glass eyes catching the light in unexpected ways. The result is beautiful, unsettling, and unforgettable. In the silence of New Bethesda, the sculptures can seem almost alive, especially as shadows fall across the courtyard. Nevertheless, the true story of the house is more compelling than any supernatural explanation. Martins created this environment as an expression of her imagination and spiritual interests, working with local craftsman Kuus Malgas. Her works prompt visitors to contemplate art, isolation, and the human need to create meaning. The Owl House is a recognized heritage site open to visitors. Time should be set aside to appreciate the sculptures and their intricate details, rather than rushing.

Some road trip legends in South Africa are as enduring as the ghost of Uniondale. This story centers on a young woman who is said to have died in a car accident near the town in 1968. In subsequent accounts, drivers passing through the area have reported encountering a hitchhiking woman who disappears before reaching her destination. Like many urban legends, details vary across versions, and there is no confirmed evidence of a supernatural occurrence. Nevertheless, the legend has become part of Uniondale folklore, giving the surrounding roads a spooky reputation. The town itself deserves more than just a frightening roadside anecdote. Located between Little Karoo and the Garden Route, Uniondale is surrounded by scenic mountain landscapes and routes into the wider region. Its agricultural history and quiet streets make it an appealing stop for travelers seeking a slower journey through the countryside. Visit for the scenery, stay for the stories, remembering that folklore is part of the experience, not proof of paranormal activity.

There is a particular melancholy in the railway after the trains cease running. In AliSedale, this feeling is tied to a real chapter in South African history. The East Cape city developed around its rail connections, which linked routes between Port Elizabeth and the interior. Railways provided employment and supported the local economy, making the station an important part of community life. As railway operations changed and employment declined, AliSedale felt the impact of losing its main economic pillar. The station and its railway heritage evoke memories of interrupted journeys, memorable departures, and communities transformed by industrial change. Their eerie character stems from the contrast between the railway's former significance and the quieter life that followed. If you plan a trip, confirm the station's condition and current access conditions with local tourism contacts before traveling. Do not enter restricted railway property or unsafe buildings.

The spookiest places in South Africa remind us that landscapes are shaped not only by nature. They carry the ambitions, struggles, creativity, and daily lives of the people who lived before us. You may not encounter a ghost on your travels, but you might find something equally intriguing: stories that linger long after the crowds have gone.