The functioning of virtual currency top-ups in Brazil and its integration into the gaming economy
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Olhar Digital
olhardigital.com.br

The functioning of virtual currency top-ups in Brazil and its integration into the gaming economy

Virtual currencies, such as diamonds, credits, and points, have become crucial elements in the video game economy. They allow users to acquire content like characters, passes, and skins without needing to buy a new game, significantly altering how companies monetize titles that remain active for long periods.

In the Brazilian context, this market has developed its own particularities due to the popularization of digital payment methods and the increase in free-to-play games, especially on mobile devices. Currently, top-ups can be made directly within the game, through platform stores, or via external partners and services.

Behind what seems like a simple purchase lies significant competition over who will mediate the interaction between the player and the game at the moment of spending. Although the traditional method of making a transaction within the game itself still exists, it is no longer the only available route.

Game developers (Publishers) have begun collaborating with proprietary stores and partner distributors, while retailers and specialized platforms have started offering gift cards, credits, and top-ups. This allows companies to expand their points of contact with the consumer while offering the player more options on where and how to make their purchases.

The result is a market where the same virtual currency can be obtained through various channels, each presenting its own payment offers, promotions, or advantages.

The way Brazilians make payments also shapes this ecosystem. Top-up services can integrate common daily consumer methods, such as Pix, instead of relying solely on credit cards. This aspect is particularly notable in free-to-play games, where the user can start without cost and subsequently invest small amounts in items or currency.

In this scenario, reducing the barriers between the intent to purchase and the act of paying is part of the monetization strategy. The more aligned the process is with local financial habits, the easier it becomes to convert in-game interest into an effective transaction.

When an individual acquires, for example, R$ 50 in diamonds, these amounts are not always fully received by the publisher responsible for the game. Depending on the chosen channel, the operation may involve payment processing companies, distribution companies, and the platform where the purchase occurred; each involved party may have distinct commercial terms.

It is this supply chain that explains the publishers' interest in creating proprietary stores or forming external partnerships. The issue transcends merely facilitating the player experience; it also involves tighter control over the commercial relationship with the consumer and the management of revenue generated by the title.

Thus, for corporations, top-up has evolved into a strategic component of the business, surpassing the function of a mere final button in a virtual store.

Another change occurs outside the scope of conventional purchasing. In-game credits have begun to be incorporated into loyalty programs and brand campaigns. In this model, virtual currency ceases to be just an item sought for buying a skin, starting to serve as a reward to encourage frequency and keep the consumer engaged in a specific environment.

This logic is familiar in other segments, such as using airline miles or bank points. In games, virtual items and currency can play a similar role, with the distinction that the reward is directly linked to the consumption the public already performs in their entertainment.

It is in this context of transformation that models like Gamin PLUS emerge, a membership club aimed at the gaming audience. Unlike being a store focused solely on selling currency, this service uses its own system called G-Coins, which can be exchanged for benefits from a rotating catalog.

This catalog can include PC games, as well as credits and currency from titles such as PUBG Mobile, EA SPORTS FC Mobile, Honor of Kings, Arena Breakout, and New State Mobile. The standard monthly fee for this service is R$ 40.

The most relevant aspect of this format, from a market perspective, is not just providing another way to obtain credits. It is the attempt to convert an usually sporadic purchase into a continuous relationship. Clubs like this seek to maintain a constant connection with the player through benefits, community, and other experiences, rather than competing only at the moment they decide to buy diamonds or a skin.

This evolution demonstrates how the economy surrounding virtual currencies is being reconfigured. The path between real money and diamonds persists, but increasingly, companies show interest in occupying this space, whether by processing the purchase, distributing credits, or integrating the top-up into a larger ecosystem of player relationship.

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Online betting ban takes effect in Brazil; R$ 1.32 billion has not yet been returned to users
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Online betting ban takes effect in Brazil; R$ 1.32 billion has not yet been returned to users

Starting this Tuesday, October 6th, online betting and gaming services, known as 'bets,' were prohibited from operating in Brazilian territory. As a result of this ban, outstanding amounts on these platforms must be returned to the respective users.

The government estimates that the total amount of pending refunds reaches R$ 1.32 billion. Since the end of September, the platforms have not accepted new deposits, and today their websites and applications should be completely inaccessible.

This determination is part of Provisional Measure No. 1,394, dated September 25, 2026. The said PM prohibits, within the country, the exploitation, offering, intermediation, and advertising of fixed-odds betting lotteries, whether in physical or virtual format, even if the agent is based abroad and offers the service to people located in Brazil.

Additionally, the PM stipulates that betting houses must reimburse customers all amounts present in account balances or intended for uncompleted bets. Although the deadline for direct withdrawal of these funds expired last Monday, October 5th, the Ministry of Finance reported that, this Tuesday, there was still R$ 1.32 billion under the custody of the 'bets,' an amount linked to 26.5 million CPF numbers.

It is likely that a portion of this money is in the accounts of users who did not withdraw, are unaware of their right to reimbursement, or did not know how to request the refund. However, the government itself suggests that another factor, albeit in a smaller proportion, is lack of interest, given that 86.2 million accounts have balances between R$ 0.02 and R$ 0.99.

Despite this, these amounts will not be lost. Between October 7th and 8th, betting houses have the obligation to notify banks about the remaining balances, identifying each one by CPF. Subsequently, between October 9th and 14th, financial institutions must credit the amounts to the bettors' accounts. If this does not occur within this period, Caixa Econômica Federal will assume the intermediation of unpaid payments.

The government based the measure on the claim that the 'bets' activity was generating a high rate of indebtedness among players, health problems related to gambling addiction, and the possibility of using the platforms for money laundering.

However, entities representing betting and gaming services expressed disagreement. The Brazilian Institute of Responsible Gaming (IBJR) and the National Association of Games and Lotteries (ANJL) appealed to the Federal Supreme Court (STF) requesting the suspension of the provisional measure.

IBJR stated that concerns about the effects of betting are valid, but always defended that such issues should be addressed through supervision, operator responsibility, and compliance with legislation. According to the Institute, the provisional measure ignores the existing legal framework and weakens the control and protection systems created by the State itself, classifying the decision as premature and causing serious legal uncertainty.

Origin of Brazilian black diamond may be linked to cosmic impacts and other worlds
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olhardigital.com.br

Origin of Brazilian black diamond may be linked to cosmic impacts and other worlds

The mystery surrounding the origin of carbonado, an unusual porous black diamond found in both Brazil and Central Africa, has received new clues following scientific analysis. Researchers examined samples from the Tombador Formation, located in Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, to understand the formation process of these singular stones.

The study, published in Gondwana Research, suggests that an impact event that occurred on early Earth may have accelerated the movement of carbon-rich material into the planet's interior. Under high pressure, this material would have favored the crystallization of diamonds, although the collision itself is not considered the direct creator of the stones.

Unlike polished gems used in jewelry, carbonado is composed of multiple small crystals and features a structure full of pores. Attila Demény, Péter Németh, and his team analyzed samples from the Tombador Formation in Brazil using advanced techniques such as X-rays, electron microscopy, and carbon composition tests.

One of the leads investigated was the shiny aspect of the stones. Although the smooth surface has been compared to the molten crust of meteorites, scientists did not detect microscopic signs in the examined samples confirming a violent impact.

Additionally, some samples exhibited a thin layer of anatase, a mineral composed of titanium dioxide. The researchers noted that this layer was already present on the diamond crystals when the surface underwent modifications. This suggests that the shine did not appear simultaneously with the formation of anatase.

The interpretation raised is that anatase developed first. Subsequently, fluids may have interacted with the mineral and the diamond, dissolving small portions of both and resulting in the smooth, lustrous surface observed.

Another factor under investigation was the carbon composition. Since the element manifests in various forms, the proportion between them acts as a kind of chemical signature. In most carbonados analyzed, this signature resembles that found in carbon associated with ancient organisms.

It is important to note that this chemical similarity does not imply that scientists have found traces of life inside the diamonds; it only suggests that part of the carbon may have originated from Earth's surface material.

One of the grains analyzed showed an intermediate composition between that of common carbonados and those of diamonds generated at great depths. This finding may indicate that more than one carbon source contributed to the constitution of that specific stone.

The maintenance of pores is crucial to support this hypothesis. For surface material to reach the mantle, it would need to descend through the process of subduction, where one tectonic plate slides beneath another, carrying rocks and sediments into the Earth's interior.

In the context of carbonados, researchers believe that this descent must have been extremely rapid. If the diamonds remained for a long period under the planet's extreme internal conditions, their small internal voids would have been eliminated.

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