Modern youth face the need to balance career, finances, housing, and personal life, which compels them to make more considered decisions regarding marriage and family. The question arises whether Generation Z and Millennials are truly opting out of marriage and children, or if circumstances dictate their choice.
It is often claimed that young people are moving away from traditional concepts such as marriage, relationships, and children. However, a new report, 'Demographic Future: Choice, Life and Future' by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), presents a different picture. This survey, conducted among 108,926 young people aged 18 to 39 in 73 countries, examined their preferences and priorities regarding relationships, partnership, and parenthood. It is important to note that the data pertains to the 18–39 age group and should not be exclusively attributed to Generation Z or Millennials.
According to the report, over two-thirds of respondents consider a relationship and cohabitation that includes marriage to be ideal. Among those seeking a partner aged 25 to 39, about a quarter are currently single and not actively looking for a partner. This demonstrates a discrepancy between desires and the current situation. The main barriers to finding a partner were cited as financial difficulties and housing problems; 57 percent of people considered them a significant obstacle, while 81 percent emphasized the importance of financial stability for building a partnership.
The situation with children is also not straightforward. In five out of seven regional groups surveyed, the ideal family size was defined as two children. Furthermore, about 80 percent of respondents stated that the joy and happiness children bring is the main reason for wanting them. Nevertheless, young people believe that desire alone is insufficient for having children. 88 percent named financial security as a necessary condition, 87 percent cited stable employment, and 85 percent mentioned emotional readiness. 72 percent indicated that financial and housing problems pose a serious obstacle to parenthood.
The report also shows that about two-thirds of respondents assess their future as somewhat or very positive. Thus, instead of disappearing, the desire of young people to have marriage, relationships, and a family is influenced by factors such as money, work, housing, and finding a suitable partner. Ultimately, the aspiration for family and marriage among youth, including Generation Z and Millennials, has not disappeared, but financial security, stable employment, housing availability, and emotional preparedness play a decisive role in making these important life decisions.